Phylogenetic and morphological studies in Xylodon (Hymenochaetales, Basidiomycota) with the addition of four new species

Abstract

Xylodon (Hymenochaetales, Basidiomycota) is the largest segregate genus of Hyphodontias.l. Based on molecular and morphological data, 77 species are accepted in Xylodon to date. Phylogenetic analyses of ITS and 28S sequences, including 38 new ITS and 20 28S sequences of Xylodon species, revealed four species new to science. The new taxa X. exilis, X. filicinus, X. follisand X. pseudolanatusfrom Taiwan, Nepal, Réunion, Belize, and USA are described and illustrated. In addition, species concepts for Odontia vesiculosafrom New Zealand and Xylodon lanatusfrom U.S.A. are revised and the new name X. vesiculosus is proposed. Phylogenetic analyses of the ITS region placed X. spathulatus, X. bubalinusand X. chinensis in a strongly supported clade and demonstrated that they are conspecific. Palifer and Odontiopsisare synonymised under Xylodonbased on morphological and sequence data. The following new combinations are proposed: X. erikssonii, X. gamundiae, X. hjortstamii, X. hyphodontinus, X. septocystidiatusand X. verecundus. Line drawings of X. cystidiatus, X. hyphodontinus, X. lanatus and X. vesiculosus, as well as photographs of X. raduloidesbasidiomata, are provided. A key to X. lanatus and similar species is presented.