Application of biochar of different genesis: applied aspects of activation

Abstract

The paper considers various biochar activation processes in bioprocesses, particularly in anaerobic digestion, to intensify the production of biogas and biofertilizer. Based on the literature research study, the applied aspects of biochar activation processes in the agricultural and bioenergy sectors were analyzed, with smallscale laboratory experiments to verify theoretical hypotheses. Ultrasonic pretreatment was performed with a power of 200 W and a frequency of 30 kHz. The biochar was also subjected to microscopy. After ultrasound treatment, changes in the structure of biochars of different genesis were detected, which is also consistent with changes in the ORP values of activated biochars. A comparative thermogravimetric analysis of biochar samples was carried out.